Virus injected into a woman's wound ends with "superbacterial" multirresistant in her leg

Bacterial infections resistant to all medicines are a very serious public health problem.Recently, a study published by The Lancet, concluded that superbacteria infections killed 1.2 million people in 2019, more people than malaria or AIDS.

Now, a scientific team has described an experimental treatment with a combination of bacteriophages - a type of virus - and antibiotics capable of ending one of these infections.

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La paciente tratada fue una mujer de 30 años víctima del atentado de 2016 en el aeropuerto de Bruselas, con una infección por “Klebsiella pneumoniae” y relacionada con una fractura, para la que el tratamiento con antibióticos había fracasado durante casi dos años.

The combination of bacteriophages - a type of virus - and antibiotics was what "significantly improved" the status of this woman, says the researchers responsible for the study.

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According to the authors, this case demonstrates the promise of treatments with bacteriophages for drug -resistant bacterial infections.Your description is published in the journal Nature Communications.

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"Superbacteria"

Las bacterias panresistentes –o “superbacterias”– son resistentes a todos los agentes antimicrobianos disponibles en el mercado y constituyen una amenaza creciente para la salud pública, ya que las opciones de tratamiento son limitadas.

An alternative approach - Fagica therapy - is the use of bacteriophages, a type of virus that infects and kills bacteria.Called “phages” abbreviated, these were discovered just over a century ago.

Anaïs Eskenazi and his Erasme de Brussels hospital team report on Tuesday the results of a six -day treatment with bacteriophages for this 30 -year -old patient.

Surgical wound infection

On March 22 this woman suffered a polytrauma during the suicide attack.After an aggressive multidisciplinary intervention, which included resuscitation, partial imputation of the iliac bone and the external fixation of a broken femur, the patient was stabilized.

However, the authors of the work report, on day 4 it evolved towards a septic shock due to an infection in the surgical wound in the left thigh, despite the antibiotic treatment.

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The bacterial culture of surgical biopsies showed a polymicrobial flora, consisting of Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter Cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae.This was the starting point.

The authors then selected and adapted a bacteriophage for the optimal elimination of the bacteria, specific to the K -strain.pneumoniae in the patient.

This bacterium is one of the main concerns of the medical and scientific community due to its capacity, among others, to form biofilms - adhered for example to the implant surface - or avoid the immune system.

Combination of bacteriophage and antibiotics

To combat it, the team used a combination of this pre -adapted bacteriophage - applied locally in the wound - and antibiotics, a “rescue therapy” that resulted in a clinical, microbiological and radiological improvement objective of the wounds and general state of the patient.

Three months later, the general state of women had improved, the wound was healing and no evidence of bacterial infection was found.

Three years after the combined treatment of phages and antibiotics, the patient had recovered mobility, according to the authors.

In the last decade there has been an increase in research in phage therapy, including the use of these to treat infections related to orthopedics - other clinical cases have been published in scientific journals -.

However, despite the fact that this case study demonstrates the potential of bacteriophage. (I)